نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار،گروه مهندسی صنایع،واحد زنجان،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،زنجان ، ایران
2 استادیار ، گروه حقوق عمومی ، دانشکده حقوق ، موسسه آموزش عالی غزالی ، قزوین ، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Labor law in contemporary legal systems is no longer viewed merely as a body of rules governing private relations between workers and employers. Rather, it has evolved into one of the fundamental instruments through which the state regulates the labor market, safeguards the public interest, and pursues social justice. From this perspective, labor law can be analyzed within the domain of public law, as its function extends beyond protective intervention toward structural and institutional regulation of labor relations. Nevertheless, the nature, scope, and limits of state intervention vary across legal systems, reflecting differences in legal traditions, governance structures, and socio-economic conditions.
This article seeks to elucidate the challenges of public law in regulating labor relations through a comparative analysis of labor law in Iran, France, the United Kingdom, and Turkey. The central research question examines how the core components and instruments of public law are designed in regulating labor relations in these countries and what implications these differences have for the effectiveness of labor-market governance and the balance between social protection and economic flexibility. The study adopts a descriptive–analytical methodology with a comparative approach, and data are collected through an examination of labor legislation, official documents, institutional practices, and authoritative legal sources.
The findings indicate that in France, drawing on the continental legal tradition, the state plays a strong and proactive role in shaping protective rules and the public order of labor. In the United Kingdom, the regulation of labor relations is largely characterized by flexibility, the prominent role of judicial institutions, and social dialogue. In Turkey, a hybrid and transitional model has emerged, influenced by political-economy considerations and processes of legal convergence. By contrast, Iran’s legal system faces significant challenges in balancing labor protection, labor-market flexibility, and the effectiveness of state intervention.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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