مطالعه تطبیقی مدیریت بحران و تاب‌آوری شهری کلانشهرها با رویکرد حکمرانی خوب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد گروه پژوهش و توسعه شهرداری کرج، کرج، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

زمینه و هدف: هدف این پژوهش، تحلیل تطبیقی مدیریت بحران و تاب‌آوری شهری کلانشهرها با رویکرد حکمرانی خوب است. پژوهش حاضر با به‌کارگیری چارچوب «حکمرانی خوب» و از طریق بررسی سه محورِ بازیگران، تحول قوانین و روایت‌های غالب، در پی شناسایی ویژگی‌های حکمرانی در شرایط اضطراری و سنجش میزان تبلور شاخص‌های حکمرانی خوب در ساختار کنونی مدیریت بحران و تاب‌آوری شهری است.
روش‌شناسی: این پژوهش با اتکا بر روش توصیفی-تحلیلی و با به کارگیری روش تطبیقی، به مطالعه مدیریت بحران و تاب‌آوری شهری در زمینه حکمرانی خوب می‌پردازد. داده‌های مورد نیاز از طریق بررسی اسنادی گردآوری و بر اساس شاخص‌های حکمرانی خوب تحلیل خواهند شد تا به هدف نهایی پژوهش، که ارائه راهکارهای عملی برای بهبود مدیریت بحران و تاب‌آوری شهری است، دست یابد.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان می‌دهند ساختارهای متمرکز و سلسله‌مراتبی (مانند ترکیه و رومانی) به ناهماهنگی و کندی پاسخ منجر می‌شوند، در حالی که مدل‌های مشارکتی (همچون اندونزی) و دیجیتال‌محور (مانند سنگاپور) تاب‌آوری بالاتری ایجاد می‌کنند. مقایسه تهران و مشهد نیز ضعف مشترک در هماهنگی و اعتماد اجتماعی را نشان می‌دهد، اما مشهد در حوزه زیرساخت‌های حیاتی وضعیت به‌تری دارد. یافته کلیدی حاکی از آن است که تاب‌آوری مؤثر در بحران نیازمند تلفیق تمرکززدایی هوشمند، مشارکت جامعه و یکپارچه‌سازی فناوری در حکمرانی است.
نتیجه‌گیری: این پژوهش تطبیقی نشان می‌دهد که حکمرانی مؤثر بحران به رویکردی ترکیبی وابسته است که تمرکززدایی هوشمند، مشارکت جامعه و فناوری دیجیتال را در چارچوبی از شفافیت و عدالت یکپارچه می‌سازد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Study of Crisis Management and Urban Resilience in Megacities through the Lens of Good Governance

نویسندگان [English]

  • aliasghar Madani 1
  • reza najari 2
1 Senior Expert, Research and Development Department, Karaj Municipality, Karaj, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Public Administration, Faculty of Management, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Context and Purpose:
The objective of this research is to conduct a comparative analysis of crisis management and urban resilience in megacities through the lens of good governance. Employing the "Good Governance" framework and examining three key axes—actors, legal transformations, and dominant narratives—the study seeks to identify the characteristics of governance under emergency conditions and measure the extent to which the indicators of good governance are manifested in the current structure of crisis management and urban resilience.
Methodology
This research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach and utilizes a comparative method to study crisis management and urban resilience within the context of good governance. The required data are collected through documentary analysis and evaluated based on indicators of good governance, with the ultimate aim of achieving the study’s primary objective: to propose practical solutions for improving crisis management and urban resilience.
Findings
The findings of the study indicate that centralized and hierarchical structures (e.g., Turkey and Romania) lead to coordination failures and delayed responses, while participatory models (e.g., Indonesia) and digital-driven approaches (e.g., Singapore) foster higher resilience. The comparison between Tehran and Mashhad also reveals shared shortcomings in inter-organizational coordination and social trust, though Mashhad exhibits stronger critical infrastructure. The key finding underscores that effective crisis resilience requires the integration of smart decentralization, civic engagement, and technology-enabled governance.
Conclusion
This comparative study demonstrates that effective crisis governance relies on a hybrid model integrating smart decentralization, civic participation, and digital technology within a framework of transparency and equity. While centralized structures often face inefficiency and delays, decentralized and participatory models (e.g., Indonesia) and digital-driven governance (e.g., Singapore) exhibit higher resilience. The key finding emphasizes the necessity of transitioning from reactive management toward "proactive resilient governance," where sustainable institutional reform is fundamental to confronting future crises.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Crisis
  • Crisis Management
  • Good Governance
  • Urban Resilience
  • Comparative Study

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مدیریت دولتی تطبیقی
دوره 4، شماره 1
خرداد 1405
صفحه 59-85

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 12 آذر 1404
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